This page explains the effects of each planet on various aspects of Walter Bonatti's life based on their placement, positions, and aspects received from other planets. It is a traditional Vedic Astrology report customized to consider all influences on the planets.

Index of Planet Reports

Traditional Vedic Astrology reports describing the effects of each planet.
Click or Select the link below for changing the report

Sun Report

Represents the self, vitality, authority, power, and individuality. It is associated with ones ego, father, and government.

Su is placed in the Gemini sign at 7º5'30.26" with Friend dignity. Su occupies H2 in Rashi Chart but in Bhava-Chalit charts it is changing its place to H1. Su may give a mixed result of H2 and H1. Su is aspecting H8.Su is aspected by Sa, Su aspects Sa and Su is in conjunct with Ju.

The Sun is the king of all planets in Astrology and it represents your soul, ego, leader, father, government etc. Sun is also one of the most important significators of career and shows any authoritative position or person in your life. It is also associated with fame that one gets or has. Sun is the main source of energy in the solar system and sustainer of life on earth but is considered mild-malefic because of all the fire in it. Based on its dignity in chart, the reputation in society can be assessed.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 67º5'30.26"
Rashi (Dignity) Gemini (F)
Rashi Degree 7º5'30.26"
Rashi Lord Mercury
Nakshatra Ardra - 1
Nakshatra Lord Rahu
Navamsha (Dignity) Gemini ()
Navamsha Lord Jupiter
Navamsha Lord Kumaravstha
Natural/Lordship Nature Malefic/Benefic

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala 260.3
Dig Bala 27.0
Kala Bala 223.8
Chesta Bala 60.0
Naisargik Bala 60.0
Drik Bala (+/-) 0.0 / -15.9
Total Shadbala(Rupa) 615.3 (10.3)
Required Shadbala(Rupa) 5.0
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala 49.6 / 0.5
Strength(Relative Rank) 2.1 (1)

Sun in H2

The Sun gives confidence in earning potential along with authoritative and confident speech. You may speak harshly or boldly. The Sun has to be well placed by sign or aspect and rule good houses to give family happiness as the Sun is a hot malefic. You may be proud in family matters. Wealth comes through the father, authoritative figures, or profession.

Sun in H1

This placement gives pride, confidence, large ego, hot temper, reality and poise. It makes you very authoritative, independent, and self-centred. As the deity Sun has little hair on his head, this placement can give a tendency to baldness. The father, a natural signification of the Sun, may have a strong influence on you. This placement can give you a strong physical constitution. If the Sun is debilitated, you may have a weak and indecisive personality and suffer a lack of self-confidence. You can imbalances of arrogance and low esteem, selfishness and self-sacrifice. Early childhood may have been difficult.

Sun in Gemini

Mercury, the lord of sign Gemini, is neutral to the Sun. The Sun here illuminates the qualities of Mercury and gives you sharp intellect, better communication skill and you will always be ready for a good debate. The sun in Gemini is better but can be fickle and will adapt itself to whatever influences are around it.

Related Planets (with Sun)

Sun-Jupiter
Su and Ju are in same house. There conjunct strength is 96.4%.

Sun and Jupiter are both strong and fiery planets. This conjunction/mutual relationship is considered highly favourable as both the planets are natural best friends. Here the qualities of Jupiter are being enhanced and illuminated by the light of the Sun and the person becomes highly knowledgeable. This combination is all about gaining knowledge & wisdom and sharing it with others. If you have this combination in your chart then prima-facie you will be a learned person and are highly intelligent. You will gain wisdom in your life and will use it for the well being of others. As Sun represents father, this can show that your father's career can be related to guidance and teaching/counselling. Sun also represents a King and Jupiter a Counsellor and this conjunction/mutual relationship can show that either your father or you can work as a minister or any other high official in the Government. Now-a-days it can be a Government advocate. We saw how Sun illuminates the qualities of Jupiter, but the opposite is also true. Jupiter, which is the planet of expansion, expands your career, authority and ego. You will also benefit from your father. You can work in Medical related field as Jupiter represents Biology. But these results can get delayed if your Jupiter comes too close to the Sun in your chart i.e. Combust. With all these favourable aspects of this conjunction/mutual relationship, however, comes a negative trait. Your ego can be a problem for you and so here, to reap the best results of this conjunction/mutual relationship the only key is to keep your ego in check. Overall, this is a really good combination to have.

Sun-Saturn
Su and Sa are aspecting each other. The aspect strength from Su to Sa is 92.3%, and from Sa to Su is 69.1%.

Sun and Saturn are two of the biggest enemies in Astrology. This is said to be the most stressful conjunction/mutual relationship you can have in your chart and it is bound to give you negative results no matter what positive you want to draw from it. This only causes destruction in whichever house it is placed in your chart. Sun represents father and authorities and so clearly you will face issues regarding the same. This can show that you generally have a distant relation from the father or if you are together then the relationship would be quiet stressed. Same with the Authorities, the higher ups may never treat you well and you can face constant problems from them. This also shows that you will grow in an environment of fear and will absorb the same as the confidence given by the Sun is afflicted by the fear factor of the Saturn and this remains no matter how far they are from each other degree wise. The fear for you increases as they get more and more closer to each other. But because you always stayed away from the father, you still grow into a responsible person as you took up all the responsibility early in your life. You will abide by the law and this conjunction/mutual relationship can give you help in Government or Legal field but hard work will still be there. On the contrary, if you don't follow the law, you will never be able to expect help from this conjunction/mutual relationship. Your career growth may be delayed and it's generally after the age of 30 that you will get some good results from the house this conjunction/mutual relationship is placed in.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H2
House Lordship (from Asc) H4
Aspected By Sa
Conjuncts With Ju
Aspects (Planet) Sa
Aspects (House) H8
Bhav Chalit Location H1

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H3
House Lordship (from Asc) H5
Aspected By Sa
Conjuncts With Ju
Aspects (Planet) Sa
Aspects (House) H9
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga 14.5 Kumshuka Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga 15.3 Kumshuka Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga 15.1 Uttam Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga 13.7 Kusum Benefic Varga: d2,d10,d12 (3)
In Scope:d1,d2,d3,d4,d7,d9,d10,d12,d16,d20,d24,d27,d30,d40,d45,d60

Moon Report

Symbolizes emotions, mind, mother, nourishment, and receptivity. It is also connected with the public and the masses.

Mo is placed in the Aries sign at 8º58'33.94" with Enemy dignity. Mo occupies H12 in Rashi Chart. Mo is aspecting H6.Mo aspects Ke, Mo is in conjunct with Ma,Ra.

The placement of Moon can make a lot of difference in the way a person lives his/her life. Most importantly Moon represents your mother, emotions and mind. Its exaltation sign is Taurus and it is said that with this placement the mother will be spiritual and would play a vital role to instil all the good moral values in the child and would make him/her spiritual. But if the moon is weak in horoscope then the person will be apathetic and will suffer mentally, repeating the mistakes again and again.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 8º58'33.94"
Rashi (Dignity) Aries (E)
Rashi Degree 8º58'33.94"
Rashi Lord Mars
Nakshatra Ashwini - 3
Nakshatra Lord Ketu
Navamsha (Dignity) Aries ()
Navamsha Lord Mercury
Navamsha Lord Kumaravstha
Natural/Lordship Nature Malefic/Malefic

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala 190.7
Dig Bala 13.6
Kala Bala 94.8
Chesta Bala 19.4
Naisargik Bala 51.4
Drik Bala (+/-) 4.0 / -8.4
Total Shadbala(Rupa) 365.5 (6.1)
Required Shadbala(Rupa) 6.0
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala 31.7 / 18.0
Strength(Relative Rank) 1.0 (6)

Moon in H12

The Moon can give you emotional hardships and lonely childhood, along with a distant relationship with the mother. The Moon indicates that solitude and periodic retirement from the world is important to you. You can hide your emotions. You may have important dream experiences. You are capable of doing a lot of charity service.

Moon in Aries

Moon in Aries is a favorable position as it is goverened by the planet Mars which is a friend of the Moon. Moon is considered your mind and in Aries you start to think like Mars which is a soldier. You will be aggressive but honest. You will believe in your instincts and will take quick decisions without a forethought. This can make you feel restless and hasty. You will be your own motivation and will be active in performing duties.

Related Planets (with Moon)

Moon-Mars
Mo and Ma are in same house. There conjunct strength is 59.5%.

This is a good conjunction/mutual relationship to have in the chart as both these planets are natural friends and give good results. This conjunction/mutual relationship is also called Chandra-Mangal yoga. But a lot depends on the dignity of planets especially Mars or else this can get quiet worrisome at times for you. Moon is a gentle planet and Mars natural malefic, so clearly Mars here has the upper hand and so it is really important to check it's dignity. Moon is your mind and Mars is action, energy and if Mars is badly placed then you can have anger issues and can take actions without prior consideration in heated moment. Mars will no doubt make you an active and energetic person, but if wrongly guided can get you in violent situations. This can also show that you have a very active or aggressive mother. But on the contrary, if Mars is in good dignity, then this can make you highly goal oriented person and you will achieve success in life based on your hard work. The degree wise closeness can also cause frustrations but if you do meditation, then this can really help you divert your anger into something positive. If you are a girl then you can be tomboyish due to this conjunction/mutual relationship. This conjunction/mutual relationship will be best in Aries, Leo, Sagittarius and Pisces as these are friendly sign for both of them.

Moon-Venus
Mo is dispositor of Ve and Mo is secretely aspecting Ve. The aspect strength from Mo to Ve is 73.6%.

Two of the most gentle and benefic planets, Moon and Venus, when come together, may make you think that this could be a very favourable conjunction/mutual relationship to have in the chart but this is not true. Naturally, they both are inimical to each other and there is a kind of planetary war between these two. Moon is mind and Venus is desires, so this can make you a desire oriented person and can make you selfish in all phases of life. You will always like to keep yourself ahead of others and it is due to this that you will not be able to maintain your relations with others. As Venus represents relations, you will desire to have a relationship and your mind will become relationship focused. But again due to your me-first approach, you will spoil your relationships. This conjunction/mutual relationship also shows that there will be tussle between Wife(Venus) and Mother(Moon),if you are a male, and whichever planet is at better dignity, that person will have the upper hand. At the same time, this can make you an attractive and pleasant person. You can be very artistic and creative and will have the love for luxuries. You need to take care of your relations and realize that in a relationship it is all about others.

Moon-Rahu
Mo and Ra are in same house. There conjunct strength is 48.8%.

Moon is a natural benefic whereas Rahu on the other hand is considered one of the malefics. Rahu is a shadow planet and behaves like Saturn. Rahu in Moon is an extremely important conjunction/mutual relationship and in its positive aspect will channel the lunar energy within you by strengthening your mind. You will gain some psychic abilities from this conjunction/mutual relationship. In its negative aspect you will harbour the dark lunar energy within you which will generate sense of fears, phobias, illusions, hallucinations, paranoia, psychological disturbances etc. You will become impatient and will feel helpless in handling your own emotions. There is a chance that you might get into depression and this generally lasts for a long time. This conjunction/mutual relationship is rarely considered favourable in the chart and will have direct impact on the mind especially in the dashas of the respective planets. Rahu is obsession and if with moon, then it will make you emotionally obsessed about things to an extent where you would not even take anybody's guidance and will do anything to get what you want. With this placement chances are that you have a unique relationship with your mother or if you are a girl then you yourself can have an unusual motherhood like you may adopt you child or may have it through surrogacy. It is not a good conjunction to have but it is seen that here meditation will help you overcome most of its negative effects.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H12
House Lordship (from Asc) H3
Aspected By
Conjuncts With Ma,Ra
Aspects (Planet) Ke
Aspects (House) H6
Bhav Chalit Location H12

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H1
House Lordship (from Asc) H4
Aspected By
Conjuncts With Ma,Ra
Aspects (Planet) Ke
Aspects (House) H7
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga 13.9 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga 14.6 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga 13.2 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga 13.2 Kusum Benefic Varga: d4,d12,d45 (3)
In Scope:d1,d2,d3,d4,d7,d9,d10,d12,d16,d20,d24,d27,d30,d40,d45,d60

Mars Report

Associated with energy, drive, courage, and determination. It also signifies siblings, land, and property.

Ma is placed in the Aries sign at 21º7'9.52" with Own House dignity. Ma occupies H12 in Rashi Chart. Ma is aspecting H3,H6,H7.Ma aspects Ke,Ve, Ma is in conjunct with Mo,Ra.

Mars represents our will power, courage, fighting ability, aggression, anger, soldier, male friends, fighter, land(real estate) etc. Mars is a fiery planet and loves action in life and according to the placement in the horoscope can tell about the ability of the person to take actions. Also the position of Mars can show the way a person would fight in life, that is , either legally or illegally. Since Mars is an aggressive planet, it is considered a natural malefic, but defines the will power of a person.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 21º7'9.52"
Rashi (Dignity) Aries (OH)
Rashi Degree 21º7'9.52"
Rashi Lord Mars
Nakshatra Bharani - 3
Nakshatra Lord Venus
Navamsha (Dignity) Aries ()
Navamsha Lord Venus
Navamsha Lord Vriddhavstha
Natural/Lordship Nature Malefic/Benefic

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala 159.8
Dig Bala 42.3
Kala Bala 193.2
Chesta Bala 38.3
Naisargik Bala 42.9
Drik Bala (+/-) 2.4 / -6.3
Total Shadbala(Rupa) 472.7 (7.9)
Required Shadbala(Rupa) 5.0
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala 35.2 / 24.5
Strength(Relative Rank) 1.6 (3)

Mars in H12

Mars in the 12th house may be very active in 12th house affairs, such as overspending, sexual escapades, or can signify an intense involvement in esoteric matters. You tend to overspend your energies, leading to exhaustion, etc. You may lack courage or initiative in life. Your relationships with siblings may be distant. You or your siblings may prosper in foreign lands.

Mars in Aries

Mars rules the sign of Aries and so this is a positive placement for Mars in your chart. Both Mars and Aries are of Fire element and so this placement gives you a lot of courage, leadership, tremendous initiative taking ability and definitely makes you an extroverted person. You can be aggressive and dominant and can do well in the military or other challenging fields. Since Mars feels strong here he doesn't want to hide anything and will make you a straightforward person who says what is in the heart.

Related Planets (with Mars)

Moon-Mars
Mo and Ma are in same house. There conjunct strength is 59.5%.

This is a good conjunction/mutual relationship to have in the chart as both these planets are natural friends and give good results. This conjunction/mutual relationship is also called Chandra-Mangal yoga. But a lot depends on the dignity of planets especially Mars or else this can get quiet worrisome at times for you. Moon is a gentle planet and Mars natural malefic, so clearly Mars here has the upper hand and so it is really important to check it's dignity. Moon is your mind and Mars is action, energy and if Mars is badly placed then you can have anger issues and can take actions without prior consideration in heated moment. Mars will no doubt make you an active and energetic person, but if wrongly guided can get you in violent situations. This can also show that you have a very active or aggressive mother. But on the contrary, if Mars is in good dignity, then this can make you highly goal oriented person and you will achieve success in life based on your hard work. The degree wise closeness can also cause frustrations but if you do meditation, then this can really help you divert your anger into something positive. If you are a girl then you can be tomboyish due to this conjunction/mutual relationship. This conjunction/mutual relationship will be best in Aries, Leo, Sagittarius and Pisces as these are friendly sign for both of them.

Mars-Rahu
Ma and Ra are in same house. There conjunct strength is 28.5%.

Mars is considered to be the energy principle in astrology. This is one of the combinations where the dignity of Mars plays a vital role is deciding the overall result of this placement as Rahu is a shadow planet and takes the shape of the planet it sits with or is in it's sign. Rahu basically increases the qualities of such a planet to manifolds, so the dignity of Mars should be checked here. If Mars is placed in good dignity then this conjunction/mutual relationship between Rahu and Mars will guarantee you mental and physical Martian energy. You will be highly enthusiastic and will possess get to go attitude. You will be energetic and will not stay in one place rather will always be on the go to achieve your goals and other worldly accomplishments. But everything has some consequences as well so does this combination in its negative aspect. Many crimes, unnecessary violence, hatred are due to the dark side of this conjunction/mutual relationship. You will also be very aggressive, short tempered, violent and will lack sensitivity and on top of that you will have no clarity as to in which direction should the rights actions be taken. Because of this Mars in bad dignity, you will become somewhat a habitual offender. This combination promotes non-live significations and ignores the live ones.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H12
House Lordship (from Asc) H7,H12
Aspected By
Conjuncts With Mo,Ra
Aspects (Planet) Ke,Ve
Aspects (House) H3,H6,H7
Bhav Chalit Location H12

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H1
House Lordship (from Asc) H1,H8
Aspected By
Conjuncts With Mo,Ra
Aspects (Planet) Ke,Ve
Aspects (House) H4,H7,H8
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga 12.0 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga 12.5 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga 11.7 Parijat Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga 11.3 Nag pushpa Benefic Varga: d1,d10,d27,d45 (4)
In Scope:d1,d2,d3,d4,d7,d9,d10,d12,d16,d20,d24,d27,d30,d40,d45,d60

Mercury Report

Represents communication, intellect, learning, and commerce. It is linked to education, speech, and analytical abilities.

Me is placed in the Taurus sign at 15º26'40.24" with Great Friend dignity. Me occupies H1 in Rashi Chart. Me is aspecting H7.Me is in conjunct with Asc.

Mercury represents our communication and marketing skills, logical thinking, memory, quick decision making etc. It also represents calculation so if you are really good with calculating numbers without the use of computers, then you can say that Mercury is well placed and is favourable. In Astrology it is considered as prince among the planets and so it generally represents young age. Mercury is a neutral planet and it behaves like the planet it sits with. Its maturity age is considered as 35 years.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 45º26'40.24"
Rashi (Dignity) Taurus (GF)
Rashi Degree 15º26'40.24"
Rashi Lord Venus
Nakshatra Rohini - 2
Nakshatra Lord Moon
Navamsha (Dignity) Taurus ()
Navamsha Lord Venus
Navamsha Lord Yuvaavstha
Natural/Lordship Nature Benefic/Benefic

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala 215.1
Dig Bala 55.8
Kala Bala 141.7
Chesta Bala 19.6
Naisargik Bala 34.3
Drik Bala (+/-) 0.0 / -1.0
Total Shadbala(Rupa) 465.5 (7.8)
Required Shadbala(Rupa) 7.0
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala 19.9 / 40.1
Strength(Relative Rank) 1.1 (4)

Mercury in H1

This placement gives a youthful appearance and adds agility and communicative tendencies to your personality. You are very curious, talkative, knowledgeable, analytical, versatile, and have a sense of humour. You can be sarcastic, two-faced, nervous, or conceited if Mercury is in a bad sign. This placement makes you light-hearted, generally harmless and friendly by nature.

Mercury in Taurus

Mercury is considered well placed in the sign of Taurus. Taurus is ruled by Venus and it considers Mercury it's friend. Mercury generally does well in the earth signs and in Taurus it gives you a creative mind. You also have a good memory and the ability to make sound judgements. Because of this placement you will be able to concretize your thoughts well and express it in useful manner.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H1
House Lordship (from Asc) H2,H5
Aspected By
Conjuncts With Asc
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House) H7
Bhav Chalit Location H1

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H2
House Lordship (from Asc) H3,H6
Aspected By
Conjuncts With Asc
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House) H8
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga 15.0 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga 15.2 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga 14.3 Parijat Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga 13.5 Kusum Benefic Varga: d2,d40,d60 (3)
In Scope:d1,d2,d3,d4,d7,d9,d10,d12,d16,d20,d24,d27,d30,d40,d45,d60

Jupiter Report

Represents wisdom, knowledge, expansion, and good fortune. It is connected to spirituality, education, and benevolence.

Ju is placed in the Gemini sign at 6º1'17.37" with Neutral dignity. Ju occupies H2 in Rashi Chart but in Bhava-Chalit charts it is changing its place to H1. Ju may give a mixed result of H2 and H1. Ju is aspecting H6,H8,H10.Ju is aspected by Sa, Ju aspects Sa,Ke and Ju is in conjunct with Su.

Jupiter is the most benefic planet in Astrology and there is no such thing as enough when said about Jupiter. Jupiter represents wisdom, knowledge, teacher, law, religion, literature, philosophy, optimism, hope and is the main significator of wealth. It also signifies children and husband for a girl. It makes you very religious and spiritual but with all these qualities it gives Obesity as well, as it is the planet of expansion. Jupiter is considered as teacher of all Gods and its maturity age is 16 years.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 66º1'17.37"
Rashi (Dignity) Gemini (N)
Rashi Degree 6º1'17.37"
Rashi Lord Mercury
Nakshatra Mrigashira - 4
Nakshatra Lord Mars
Navamsha (Dignity) Gemini ()
Navamsha Lord Mars
Navamsha Lord Kumaravstha
Natural/Lordship Nature Benefic/Malefic

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala 194.7
Dig Bala 57.4
Kala Bala 157.5
Chesta Bala 1.0
Naisargik Bala 25.7
Drik Bala (+/-) 0.0 / -15.1
Total Shadbala(Rupa) 421.3 (7.0)
Required Shadbala(Rupa) 6.5
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala 7.1 / 23.9
Strength(Relative Rank) 1.1 (5)

Jupiter in H2

Jupiter in the 2nd house can give you luck in earning. Earnings may expand and grow easily. You are jovial or truthful with your speech. You may have a fortunate family life. You may be interested and talented in spiritual subjects like astrology. You may eat refined foods.

Jupiter in H1

Unless Jupiter rules a bad house or is placed in a bad sign, this placement is always helpful. It can make you fat in appearance as Jupiter rules body fat. It tends to give a jovial, happy go lucky personality. You have a fortunate childhood and express a high degree of wisdom and faith. You may be interested in religion or spirituality. It makes you generous and righteous.

Jupiter in Gemini

Jupiter is considered good in the sign of Gemini. Since Gemini is the sign of Mercury, this Jupiter will make you a person with wise speech and wise thoughts. You are a truth loving person and hardly ever lie.Along with this, this placement makes you a very clever and witty person and you are able to use your intellect wisely to get out of sticky situations.

Related Planets (with Jupiter)

Sun-Jupiter
Su and Ju are in same house. There conjunct strength is 96.4%.

Sun and Jupiter are both strong and fiery planets. This conjunction/mutual relationship is considered highly favourable as both the planets are natural best friends. Here the qualities of Jupiter are being enhanced and illuminated by the light of the Sun and the person becomes highly knowledgeable. This combination is all about gaining knowledge & wisdom and sharing it with others. If you have this combination in your chart then prima-facie you will be a learned person and are highly intelligent. You will gain wisdom in your life and will use it for the well being of others. As Sun represents father, this can show that your father's career can be related to guidance and teaching/counselling. Sun also represents a King and Jupiter a Counsellor and this conjunction/mutual relationship can show that either your father or you can work as a minister or any other high official in the Government. Now-a-days it can be a Government advocate. We saw how Sun illuminates the qualities of Jupiter, but the opposite is also true. Jupiter, which is the planet of expansion, expands your career, authority and ego. You will also benefit from your father. You can work in Medical related field as Jupiter represents Biology. But these results can get delayed if your Jupiter comes too close to the Sun in your chart i.e. Combust. With all these favourable aspects of this conjunction/mutual relationship, however, comes a negative trait. Your ego can be a problem for you and so here, to reap the best results of this conjunction/mutual relationship the only key is to keep your ego in check. Overall, this is a really good combination to have.

Jupiter-Saturn
Sa is aspecting Ju and Ju is dispositor of Sa. The aspect strength from Sa to Ju is 65.5%. Ju is dispositor of Sa and Ju is aspecting Sa. The aspect strength from Ju to Sa is 91.4%. Ju and Sa are aspecting each other. The aspect strength from Ju to Sa is 91.4%, and from Sa to Ju is 65.5%.

Jupiter and Saturn share a neutral relationship and this conjunction/mutual relationship is both a good and bad one to have in your chart. Here, Saturn will be dominant, as always, and will gives results according to its own nature. Saturn delays everything and Jupiter is pure knowledge, it represents your teachers and gurus in life, your beliefs, right morals, your education too. Here, Saturn puts restriction on the qualities of Jupiter and delays them in the initial years, that is, Saturn will cause some delay in getting your early education and it is generally before your 30s that you will not find the right teachers or gurus in your life. You will lack good guidance and will not hesitate to question your teachers regarding their knowledge base and teaching. There will always be a clash of opinions between your teachers/ gurus and you. All the benefits regarding Jupiter will be delayed in life but you will always be effortful in completing your education. Although you will be hardworking, your belief system will develop better in the later part of the life. It's only in your 30s that you will get clarity and positive results of this conjunction/mutual relationship. You will develop right morals and beliefs with patience and perseverance and even though you were not able to get good teachers in the early part of your life, you will have the opportunity to learn from wise/old teachers in the later part of it.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H2
House Lordship (from Asc) H8,H11
Aspected By Sa
Conjuncts With Su
Aspects (Planet) Sa,Ke
Aspects (House) H6,H8,H10
Bhav Chalit Location H1

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H3
House Lordship (from Asc) H9,H12
Aspected By Sa
Conjuncts With Su
Aspects (Planet) Sa,Ke
Aspects (House) H7,H9,H11
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga 11.3 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga 12.3 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga 12.0 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga 13.3 Kanduk Benefic Varga: d16,d20,d24,d27,d40 (5)
In Scope:d1,d2,d3,d4,d7,d9,d10,d12,d16,d20,d24,d27,d30,d40,d45,d60

Venus Report

Associated with love, beauty, harmony, and luxury. It signifies relationships, marriage, and artistic pursuits.

Ve is placed in the Cancer sign at 10º36'38.3" with Neutral dignity. Ve occupies H3 in Rashi Chart. Ve is aspecting H9.Ve is aspected by Ma.

Venus by nature is a natural benefic planet which represents convenience. Vehicles, liquid money or anything that helps make our life comfortable comes under Venus. Venus is the main signifactor of marriage and represents wife or girlfriend for a man. Not only that, all the relations are dependent on Venus in the chart as it is its natural signifactor. Beauty and love is also Venus. Your desires are represented by Venus which are the cause of all problems in life. Its Maturity age is around 25 years.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 100º36'38.3"
Rashi (Dignity) Cancer (N)
Rashi Degree 10º36'38.3"
Rashi Lord Moon
Nakshatra Pushya - 3
Nakshatra Lord Saturn
Navamsha (Dignity) Cancer ()
Navamsha Lord Venus
Navamsha Lord Vriddhavstha
Natural/Lordship Nature Benefic/Neutral

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala 149.2
Dig Bala 44.2
Kala Bala 92.5
Chesta Bala 23.8
Naisargik Bala 17.1
Drik Bala (+/-) 3.7 / -32.1
Total Shadbala(Rupa) 298.4 (5.0)
Required Shadbala(Rupa) 5.5
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala 24.6 / 35.4
Strength(Relative Rank) 0.9 (7)

Venus in H3

Venus here tends to make you highly passionate. You can have a happy relationship with your siblings. You may be very talented at creative work, along with communication, singing, musical fields. This placement may not make you highly active as Venus is a planet of luxury, but Venus helps to gratify your immediate desires.

Venus in Cancer

Cancer is a neutral sign for Venus. Among all the signs, Venus is happiest in water signs and in cancer, though a neutral sign, it is still able to give you a sensitive nature feeling. But Venus feels somewhat restricted here and due to this you will express these sensitive feelings more within a restricted circle. For example you will be more sensitive towards your children or your family than other people. So this is a good placement for your Venus.

Related Planets (with Venus)

Moon-Venus
Mo is dispositor of Ve and Mo is secretely aspecting Ve. The aspect strength from Mo to Ve is 73.6%.

Two of the most gentle and benefic planets, Moon and Venus, when come together, may make you think that this could be a very favourable conjunction/mutual relationship to have in the chart but this is not true. Naturally, they both are inimical to each other and there is a kind of planetary war between these two. Moon is mind and Venus is desires, so this can make you a desire oriented person and can make you selfish in all phases of life. You will always like to keep yourself ahead of others and it is due to this that you will not be able to maintain your relations with others. As Venus represents relations, you will desire to have a relationship and your mind will become relationship focused. But again due to your me-first approach, you will spoil your relationships. This conjunction/mutual relationship also shows that there will be tussle between Wife(Venus) and Mother(Moon),if you are a male, and whichever planet is at better dignity, that person will have the upper hand. At the same time, this can make you an attractive and pleasant person. You can be very artistic and creative and will have the love for luxuries. You need to take care of your relations and realize that in a relationship it is all about others.

Venus-Ketu
Ve is dispositor of Ke and Ve is secretely aspecting Ke. The aspect strength from Ve to Ke is 71.1%.

Ketu is considered the shadow planet of extremes and Venus is your relationships so with this combination you will have some eccentricity in matters like love, compassion, loyalty, commitment, togetherness, friendship, occultism etc. Ketu represents our past life karmas and the things that we have already achieved in our past life. With Venus this shows that you may have pending karma with your love partner. If in good dignity, it can mean that your good karma from the past life will fetch you blessings and happiness in your present life. You will be talented and skilled. But since Ketu represents detachment and isolation, so if there is struggle or strain in the relation, you may get the feeling that you are not made for this and should renounce every thing. This can give you clarity and finally in the end Ketu here shows you the path of spirituality and you begin you journey to seek the truth. Further, when in its negative aspect all the above mentioned Venus's traits like love and sex will be diminished. Your married life may severely get affected due to this. This combination on one hand can surround you with all the luxuries and comforts whereas on the other hand can shut it out all at once. This combination can be seen in the profession like politics where the politicians have the love for the collective. You might end up in seeking power and helping others in need after receiving setbacks from the love affairs.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H3
House Lordship (from Asc) H1,H6
Aspected By Ma
Conjuncts With
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House) H9
Bhav Chalit Location H3

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H4
House Lordship (from Asc) H2,H7
Aspected By Ma
Conjuncts With
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House) H10
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga 13.8 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga 13.8 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga 12.8 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga 13.5 Kusum Benefic Varga: d4,d9,d27 (3)
In Scope:d1,d2,d3,d4,d7,d9,d10,d12,d16,d20,d24,d27,d30,d40,d45,d60

Saturn Report

Represents discipline, responsibility, hard work, and structure. It is associated with obstacles, delays, and longevity.

Sa is placed in the Sagittarius sign at 16º21'58.06" with Enemy dignity. Sa occupies H8 in Rashi Chart. Sa is aspecting H2,H5,H10.Sa is aspected by Su,Ju and Sa aspects Su,Ju.

Saturn is limitations and constrictions. Saturn is the planet that gives structure to life. It is discipline, rules, law, justice, and gives delays in life. Saturn is also the karaka of detachment. Saturn is perceived as that strict teacher who would teach you things and then later would take a test as well. Saturn shows you the reality and makes you work hard for the matters related to the houses connected with Saturn in the chart. Saturn is the lord of karma and reminds us of taking care of our actions.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 256º21'58.06"
Rashi (Dignity) Sagittarius (E)
Rashi Degree 16º21'58.06"
Rashi Lord Jupiter
Nakshatra Purva Ashadha - 1
Nakshatra Lord Venus
Navamsha (Dignity) Sagittarius ()
Navamsha Lord Sun
Navamsha Lord Yuvaavstha
Natural/Lordship Nature Malefic/Benefic

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala 193.1
Dig Bala 53.9
Kala Bala 186.8
Chesta Bala 57.4
Naisargik Bala 8.6
Drik Bala (+/-) 27.7 / -32.3
Total Shadbala(Rupa) 495.2 (8.3)
Required Shadbala(Rupa) 5.0
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala 48.6 / 7.0
Strength(Relative Rank) 1.7 (2)

Saturn in H8

Saturn, when well-placed in the chart, gives good longevity. If it is afflicted, it will give opposite results. Your liveliness and vitality may be toned down. You may face many obstacles in financial affairs with the partner, or in receiving inheritance. You may have difficulty dealing with sudden endings and changes. Saturn shows your greatest lesson is in learning to let go of things that are no longer useful. Saturn may show a fear of death. Saturn gives a strong need for security and seclusion. It can also give a tendency to be disruptive and self-destructive. When the planet is well placed, you may benefit from enduring financial support through others. Saturn is good for any serious occult learning or research.

Saturn in Sagittarius

Saturn is neutral in Sagittarius, which is ruled by Jupiter. Among all the fire signs, Saturn functions best in the sign of Sagittarius. If you have this placement then Saturn will make you serious about philosophy. You will not be as adventurous and would like to invest your energy at a single place. Saturn here puts limitations on sagittarian energies which will become the cause of your loss. Due to this placement you will face loss through speculation or gambling and also due to over expansion. But since Sagittarius is ruled by the Jupiter which represents optimism, the pessimistic Saturn energies are taken care of which gives you a realistic and balanced outlook.

Related Planets (with Saturn)

Sun-Saturn
Su and Sa are aspecting each other. The aspect strength from Su to Sa is 92.3%, and from Sa to Su is 69.1%.

Sun and Saturn are two of the biggest enemies in Astrology. This is said to be the most stressful conjunction/mutual relationship you can have in your chart and it is bound to give you negative results no matter what positive you want to draw from it. This only causes destruction in whichever house it is placed in your chart. Sun represents father and authorities and so clearly you will face issues regarding the same. This can show that you generally have a distant relation from the father or if you are together then the relationship would be quiet stressed. Same with the Authorities, the higher ups may never treat you well and you can face constant problems from them. This also shows that you will grow in an environment of fear and will absorb the same as the confidence given by the Sun is afflicted by the fear factor of the Saturn and this remains no matter how far they are from each other degree wise. The fear for you increases as they get more and more closer to each other. But because you always stayed away from the father, you still grow into a responsible person as you took up all the responsibility early in your life. You will abide by the law and this conjunction/mutual relationship can give you help in Government or Legal field but hard work will still be there. On the contrary, if you don't follow the law, you will never be able to expect help from this conjunction/mutual relationship. Your career growth may be delayed and it's generally after the age of 30 that you will get some good results from the house this conjunction/mutual relationship is placed in.

Jupiter-Saturn
Sa is aspecting Ju and Ju is dispositor of Sa. The aspect strength from Sa to Ju is 65.5%. Ju is dispositor of Sa and Ju is aspecting Sa. The aspect strength from Ju to Sa is 91.4%. Ju and Sa are aspecting each other. The aspect strength from Ju to Sa is 91.4%, and from Sa to Ju is 65.5%.

Jupiter and Saturn share a neutral relationship and this conjunction/mutual relationship is both a good and bad one to have in your chart. Here, Saturn will be dominant, as always, and will gives results according to its own nature. Saturn delays everything and Jupiter is pure knowledge, it represents your teachers and gurus in life, your beliefs, right morals, your education too. Here, Saturn puts restriction on the qualities of Jupiter and delays them in the initial years, that is, Saturn will cause some delay in getting your early education and it is generally before your 30s that you will not find the right teachers or gurus in your life. You will lack good guidance and will not hesitate to question your teachers regarding their knowledge base and teaching. There will always be a clash of opinions between your teachers/ gurus and you. All the benefits regarding Jupiter will be delayed in life but you will always be effortful in completing your education. Although you will be hardworking, your belief system will develop better in the later part of the life. It's only in your 30s that you will get clarity and positive results of this conjunction/mutual relationship. You will develop right morals and beliefs with patience and perseverance and even though you were not able to get good teachers in the early part of your life, you will have the opportunity to learn from wise/old teachers in the later part of it.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H8
House Lordship (from Asc) H9,H10
Aspected By Su,Ju
Conjuncts With
Aspects (Planet) Su,Ju
Aspects (House) H2,H5,H10
Bhav Chalit Location H8

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H9
House Lordship (from Asc) H10,H11
Aspected By Su,Ju
Conjuncts With
Aspects (Planet) Su,Ju
Aspects (House) H3,H6,H11
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga 10.5 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga 10.0 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga 10.0 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga 9.6 nan Benefic Varga: d40 (1)
In Scope:d1,d2,d3,d4,d7,d9,d10,d12,d16,d20,d24,d27,d30,d40,d45,d60

Rahu Report

Associated with desire, ambition, and material cravings. It can bring both positive and negative effects as per placement.

Ra is placed in the Aries sign at 8º14'46.27". Ra occupies H12 in Rashi Chart. Ra is in conjunct with Mo,Ma.

Rahu is illusion and an imaginary planet and is generally knows as the North node of Moon. According to Vedic astrology, Rahu is malefic as it is a materialistic planet and hinders the path to moksha. Rahu represents obsession, fame, wealth, success, foreign lands, Medicines, Drugs, movies, social media or any kind of intoxication. Cheating is also associated with Rahu. Rahu is uniqueness in life and can show someone who breaks the old traditions of the society and has an out of the box thinking.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 8º14'46.27"
Rashi (Dignity) Aries (None)
Rashi Degree 8º14'46.27"
Rashi Lord Mars
Nakshatra Ashwini - 3
Nakshatra Lord Ketu
Navamsha (Dignity) Aries ()
Navamsha Lord Mercury
Navamsha Lord Kumaravstha
Natural/Lordship Nature Malefic/Malefic

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala
Dig Bala
Kala Bala
Chesta Bala
Naisargik Bala
Drik Bala (+/-) /
Total Shadbala(Rupa) ()
Required Shadbala(Rupa)
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala /
Strength(Relative Rank) ()

Rahu in H12

This placement is little bit difficult to handle and often oscillates between the two extremes of the nature. Rahu in 12th house marks the main field of activity in your life and hence is a sensitive placement. You might get into bad habits and get addicted to smoking. You will also gain a deep insight far beyond the material realm. You should be careful to not follow religious orders and organizations blindly. If you want to live a happy life then you must stay away from all types of drugs and alcohol. Many politicians, detectives have this kind of placement.

Rahu in Aries

Aries is a fire sign which is ruled by the planet Mars, the red planet. The positioning of Rahu in Aries will reflect the Arian traits from you. You will be self-aware and independent. You will be brave with strong leadership qualities. You will have strong decision making skills. You will be bit impulsive and short tempered. You will be higly innovative with new ideas. Instead of too much relying on the social life you should be able to stand on your own feet. This placement will make you confident so that you will be able to trust on your own judgement and decisions. You will learn to stand alone and take stand whenever and wherever required. You will have some childlike qualities in you major being that you will not be much bothered about what people has to say about you. You will not be image conscious. You should be careful to not to become too much selfish at times. This kind of disposition can be seen in the phsychologists, lawyers, sexual therapists, actors, artists etc. This placement will give you good material results if everything works effectively. Noted psychologist Sigmund Freud with this kind of placement has studied the human relationships to the core. Another noted personality Paramahansa Yogananda , one of the most observed spiritual teacher in the west had this kind of placement which helped him to sow the seeds of new ideas in the foreign land.

Related Planets (with Rahu)

Moon-Rahu
Mo and Ra are in same house. There conjunct strength is 48.8%.

Moon is a natural benefic whereas Rahu on the other hand is considered one of the malefics. Rahu is a shadow planet and behaves like Saturn. Rahu in Moon is an extremely important conjunction/mutual relationship and in its positive aspect will channel the lunar energy within you by strengthening your mind. You will gain some psychic abilities from this conjunction/mutual relationship. In its negative aspect you will harbour the dark lunar energy within you which will generate sense of fears, phobias, illusions, hallucinations, paranoia, psychological disturbances etc. You will become impatient and will feel helpless in handling your own emotions. There is a chance that you might get into depression and this generally lasts for a long time. This conjunction/mutual relationship is rarely considered favourable in the chart and will have direct impact on the mind especially in the dashas of the respective planets. Rahu is obsession and if with moon, then it will make you emotionally obsessed about things to an extent where you would not even take anybody's guidance and will do anything to get what you want. With this placement chances are that you have a unique relationship with your mother or if you are a girl then you yourself can have an unusual motherhood like you may adopt you child or may have it through surrogacy. It is not a good conjunction to have but it is seen that here meditation will help you overcome most of its negative effects.

Mars-Rahu
Ma and Ra are in same house. There conjunct strength is 28.5%.

Mars is considered to be the energy principle in astrology. This is one of the combinations where the dignity of Mars plays a vital role is deciding the overall result of this placement as Rahu is a shadow planet and takes the shape of the planet it sits with or is in it's sign. Rahu basically increases the qualities of such a planet to manifolds, so the dignity of Mars should be checked here. If Mars is placed in good dignity then this conjunction/mutual relationship between Rahu and Mars will guarantee you mental and physical Martian energy. You will be highly enthusiastic and will possess get to go attitude. You will be energetic and will not stay in one place rather will always be on the go to achieve your goals and other worldly accomplishments. But everything has some consequences as well so does this combination in its negative aspect. Many crimes, unnecessary violence, hatred are due to the dark side of this conjunction/mutual relationship. You will also be very aggressive, short tempered, violent and will lack sensitivity and on top of that you will have no clarity as to in which direction should the rights actions be taken. Because of this Mars in bad dignity, you will become somewhat a habitual offender. This combination promotes non-live significations and ignores the live ones.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H12
House Lordship (from Asc)
Aspected By
Conjuncts With Mo,Ma
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House)
Bhav Chalit Location H12

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H1
House Lordship (from Asc)
Aspected By
Conjuncts With Mo,Ma
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House)
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:

Ketu Report

Linked to spirituality, detachment, and past-life karma. Its influence can be transformative.

Ke is placed in the Libra sign at 8º14'46.27". Ke occupies H6 in Rashi Chart. Ke is aspected by Mo,Ma,Ju.

Ketu is our accomplished past life deeds and so in this life we feel detached with the things related to the house in which ketu sits. Ketu is isolation and separation. It represents spirituality and moksha. In fact it is Ketu that shows whether a person will attain moksha in this lifetime or not. Consequently Ketu represents mysticism, occult, astrology, numerology or any other spiritual subject but much will be dependent on the position of Ketu in horoscope. since it's a demon, It is a malefic planet.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 188º14'46.27"
Rashi (Dignity) Libra (None)
Rashi Degree 8º14'46.27"
Rashi Lord Venus
Nakshatra Swati - 1
Nakshatra Lord Rahu
Navamsha (Dignity) Libra ()
Navamsha Lord Jupiter
Navamsha Lord Kumaravstha
Natural/Lordship Nature Malefic/Malefic

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala
Dig Bala
Kala Bala
Chesta Bala
Naisargik Bala
Drik Bala (+/-) /
Total Shadbala(Rupa) ()
Required Shadbala(Rupa)
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala /
Strength(Relative Rank) ()

Ketu in H6

Ketu in the 6th house will bless you with all the riches and fortunes. You will expect too much from the people working under you. You might contract some of the strange ailments. You will hold strong opinions and ideas and might impose them unnecessarily on the people around you. Famous preacher and philosopher Swami Vivekananda had this kind of combination.

Ketu in Libra

Libra is ruled by the planet Venus. With the placement of Ketu in Libra you will possess a balanced and symmetrical personality. You will be socially active, diplomatic, judgemental person. You will be business minded and well groomed. You will be very materialistic fully immersed in the worldly affairs. With your past life experiences you will be focused on law, sex and money in your present life. You will be a people pleaser and will love to be the center of attraction. You will gain a spiritual bliss in your life. You will not be egoistic or self-centered. But you should be conscious enough to not lose too much of your self otherwise that can make you direction less in life. You will have the quality of seeing things from other people’s point of view which will enhance your experience and knowledge. You will be a person full of boundaries and limits as maintaining balance will be in your top priority. You will not receive much of the good results on the material matters. This kind of disposition can be seen in the psychologists’, lawyers, sexual therapists, actors, artists etc. . Noted psychologist Sigmund Freud with this kind of placement has studied the human relationships to the core. Another noted personality Paramahansa Yogananda , one of the most observed spiritual teacher in the west had this kind of placement used his strong communication skills to study human interactions.

Related Planets (with Ketu)

Venus-Ketu
Ve is dispositor of Ke and Ve is secretely aspecting Ke. The aspect strength from Ve to Ke is 71.1%.

Ketu is considered the shadow planet of extremes and Venus is your relationships so with this combination you will have some eccentricity in matters like love, compassion, loyalty, commitment, togetherness, friendship, occultism etc. Ketu represents our past life karmas and the things that we have already achieved in our past life. With Venus this shows that you may have pending karma with your love partner. If in good dignity, it can mean that your good karma from the past life will fetch you blessings and happiness in your present life. You will be talented and skilled. But since Ketu represents detachment and isolation, so if there is struggle or strain in the relation, you may get the feeling that you are not made for this and should renounce every thing. This can give you clarity and finally in the end Ketu here shows you the path of spirituality and you begin you journey to seek the truth. Further, when in its negative aspect all the above mentioned Venus's traits like love and sex will be diminished. Your married life may severely get affected due to this. This combination on one hand can surround you with all the luxuries and comforts whereas on the other hand can shut it out all at once. This combination can be seen in the profession like politics where the politicians have the love for the collective. You might end up in seeking power and helping others in need after receiving setbacks from the love affairs.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H6
House Lordship (from Asc)
Aspected By Mo,Ma,Ju
Conjuncts With
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House)
Bhav Chalit Location H6

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H7
House Lordship (from Asc)
Aspected By Mo,Ma,Ju
Conjuncts With
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House)
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope: