James Lewin

German-Jewish psychiatrist and physician, an active member of the Berlin Society for Psychiatry and Nervous Diseases, where he gave several lectures. His publications include, among others, a monograph on Ludwig Klages' philosophy. He authored numerous psychiatric essays which are characterized by an epistemological approach. James Lewin was a victim of the Stalinist purges (specifically, the so-called National Operations of the NKVD targeting Germans). On 8 September 1937 he was arrested, and at the end of October he confessed to alleged "anti-Soviet - counter revolutionary activities, spying for the Gestapo, and the planning of terrorist attacks." Such confessions are well-known to be factually unreliable based on other examples in which similar confessions were extracted under torture. Lewin and his case were transferred to Chelyabinsk and, on 31 December 1937, he was found guilty, sentenced to death, and executed the same day. On 22 June 2007 he was officially exonerated by the Russian Federation for lack of evidence in his trial. Link to Wikipedia biography