This page explains the effects of each planet on various aspects of Hart Spiegel's life based on their placement, positions, and aspects received from other planets. It is a traditional Vedic Astrology report customized to consider all influences on the planets.

Index of Planet Reports

Traditional Vedic Astrology reports describing the effects of each planet.
Click or Select the link below for changing the report

Sun Report

Represents the self, vitality, authority, power, and individuality. It is associated with ones ego, father, and government.

Su is placed in the Aries sign at 23º32'16.35" with Great Friend dignity. Su occupies H5 in Rashi Chart. Su is aspecting H11.Su is aspected by Ma,Ju and Su aspects Ju.

The Sun is the king of all planets in Astrology and it represents your soul, ego, leader, father, government etc. Sun is also one of the most important significators of career and shows any authoritative position or person in your life. It is also associated with fame that one gets or has. Sun is the main source of energy in the solar system and sustainer of life on earth but is considered mild-malefic because of all the fire in it. Based on its dignity in chart, the reputation in society can be assessed.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 23º32'16.35"
Rashi (Dignity) Aries (GF)
Rashi Degree 23º32'16.35"
Rashi Lord Mars
Nakshatra Bharani - 4
Nakshatra Lord Venus
Navamsha (Dignity) Aries ()
Navamsha Lord Mars
Navamsha Lord Vriddhavstha
Natural/Lordship Nature Malefic/Benefic

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala 166.1
Dig Bala 11.4
Kala Bala 139.8
Chesta Bala 45.9
Naisargik Bala 60.0
Drik Bala (+/-) 25.3 / -17.7
Total Shadbala(Rupa) 430.8 (7.2)
Required Shadbala(Rupa) 5.0
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala 50.5 / 8.0
Strength(Relative Rank) 1.4 (4)

Sun in H5

This placement can give you a lot of pride and uniqueness in all 5th house affairs, including your mental outlook and creativity. You may be able to absorb yourself in creative work, which you would regard as being highly important. This placement gives a highly irritable and hot-tempered character. You may have some difficulty producing children because of the hot malefic nature of the Sun. The Sun, when well placed, can give strong integrity and the ability for spiritual learning. Your career may involve speculation or other 5th house activity, such as game playing, entertainment field, drama etc. You are confident and bold in love matters, although your sense of pride and ego may conflict with your capacity to give or receive love. You may be good at advising because you possess the confidence and authoritativeness to do so.

Sun in Aries

If you have your sun in the sign of Aries then you are gifted with all the positive and strong qualities of Sun as Sun is exalted here. This placement makes you a natural leader. You will have excellent initiative taking abilities and your self assertive and forceful nature will make others want to follow you. This is a strong position for Sun and can show someone with high authoritative position.

Related Planets (with Sun)

Sun-Mars
Ma is dispositor of Su and Ma is aspecting Su. The aspect strength from Ma to Su is 82.6%.

Sun and Mars share a friendly relationship with each other and both are of fire element. If you have a conjunction/mutual relationship of both in your horoscope then you can expect really good results as Mars is strong enough to deal with the fire of Sun and as we have previously established that both are best of friends. This conjunction/mutual relationships generally indicates that your father could be in the Armed forces or Police or any other service and this is true in most of the cases. Your father will be much like a warrior and one who is high on courage and will power. Also, even you will have great will power. Sun shows Government and Mars shows soldier and both these group of people need each other to function better in the society and that's why both these planets can mutually co-operate well. But as always if a planet comes too close to the Sun, it becomes combust and so if Mars comes too close degree wise, then Sun burns the good qualities of Mars. This means that during the initial years of your life you can be a timid person but as the time passes and Mars matures, after 28, you will gain courage and become a warrior like person. You can work for the Government and that too on high positions or whichever field of work that needs a lot of fighting. This conjunction/mutual relationship makes you a highly competitive person in the area of life that falls under the house where this conjunction/mutual relationship takes place in your chart. So, this placement is not considered beneficial in the 7th house which shows relationships and marriage where you have to accommodate with others rather than compete. But you are definitely a law abiding person with very high confidence and ego.

Sun-Jupiter
Su and Ju are aspecting each other. The aspect strength from Su to Ju is 99.3%, and from Ju to Su is 97.3%.

Sun and Jupiter are both strong and fiery planets. This conjunction/mutual relationship is considered highly favourable as both the planets are natural best friends. Here the qualities of Jupiter are being enhanced and illuminated by the light of the Sun and the person becomes highly knowledgeable. This combination is all about gaining knowledge & wisdom and sharing it with others. If you have this combination in your chart then prima-facie you will be a learned person and are highly intelligent. You will gain wisdom in your life and will use it for the well being of others. As Sun represents father, this can show that your father's career can be related to guidance and teaching/counselling. Sun also represents a King and Jupiter a Counsellor and this conjunction/mutual relationship can show that either your father or you can work as a minister or any other high official in the Government. Now-a-days it can be a Government advocate. We saw how Sun illuminates the qualities of Jupiter, but the opposite is also true. Jupiter, which is the planet of expansion, expands your career, authority and ego. You will also benefit from your father. You can work in Medical related field as Jupiter represents Biology. But these results can get delayed if your Jupiter comes too close to the Sun in your chart i.e. Combust. With all these favourable aspects of this conjunction/mutual relationship, however, comes a negative trait. Your ego can be a problem for you and so here, to reap the best results of this conjunction/mutual relationship the only key is to keep your ego in check. Overall, this is a really good combination to have.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H5
House Lordship (from Asc) H9
Aspected By Ma,Ju
Conjuncts With
Aspects (Planet) Ju
Aspects (House) H11
Bhav Chalit Location H5

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H4
House Lordship (from Asc) H8
Aspected By Ma,Ju
Conjuncts With
Aspects (Planet) Ju
Aspects (House) H10
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga 13.2 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga 12.3 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga 13.4 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga 14.9 nan Benefic Varga: None (0)
In Scope:d1,d2,d3,d4,d7,d9,d10,d12,d16,d20,d24,d27,d30,d40,d45,d60

Moon Report

Symbolizes emotions, mind, mother, nourishment, and receptivity. It is also connected with the public and the masses.

Mo is placed in the Capricorn sign at 25º42'24.3" with Friend dignity. Mo occupies H2 in Rashi Chart. Mo is aspecting H8.Mo aspects Ra, Mo is in conjunct with Ma,Ke.

The placement of Moon can make a lot of difference in the way a person lives his/her life. Most importantly Moon represents your mother, emotions and mind. Its exaltation sign is Taurus and it is said that with this placement the mother will be spiritual and would play a vital role to instil all the good moral values in the child and would make him/her spiritual. But if the moon is weak in horoscope then the person will be apathetic and will suffer mentally, repeating the mistakes again and again.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 295º42'24.3"
Rashi (Dignity) Capricorn (F)
Rashi Degree 25º42'24.3"
Rashi Lord Saturn
Nakshatra Dhanistha - 1
Nakshatra Lord Mars
Navamsha (Dignity) Capricorn ()
Navamsha Lord Sun
Navamsha Lord Balyavstha
Natural/Lordship Nature Benefic/Neutral

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala 192.6
Dig Bala 42.1
Kala Bala 222.8
Chesta Bala 29.3
Naisargik Bala 51.4
Drik Bala (+/-) 18.5 / -4.9
Total Shadbala(Rupa) 551.8 (9.2)
Required Shadbala(Rupa) 6.0
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala 28.4 / 31.6
Strength(Relative Rank) 1.5 (2)

Moon in H2

This placement gives fluctuating finances but gentle, soft and emotional speech to you. If the Moon is well placed, it provides family happiness and an emotional attachment to the family.

Moon in Capricorn

Capricorn in the 10th sign of the Zodiac ruled by Saturn and when you have your moon placed in this sign, which shares inimical relationship with saturn, it can cause delays and obstacles in life. Still it give you mental strength and perseverance, although can give you a depressive and pessimistic attitude.

Related Planets (with Moon)

Moon-Mars
Mo and Ma are in same house. There conjunct strength is 0.0%.

This is a good conjunction/mutual relationship to have in the chart as both these planets are natural friends and give good results. This conjunction/mutual relationship is also called Chandra-Mangal yoga. But a lot depends on the dignity of planets especially Mars or else this can get quiet worrisome at times for you. Moon is a gentle planet and Mars natural malefic, so clearly Mars here has the upper hand and so it is really important to check it's dignity. Moon is your mind and Mars is action, energy and if Mars is badly placed then you can have anger issues and can take actions without prior consideration in heated moment. Mars will no doubt make you an active and energetic person, but if wrongly guided can get you in violent situations. This can also show that you have a very active or aggressive mother. But on the contrary, if Mars is in good dignity, then this can make you highly goal oriented person and you will achieve success in life based on your hard work. The degree wise closeness can also cause frustrations but if you do meditation, then this can really help you divert your anger into something positive. If you are a girl then you can be tomboyish due to this conjunction/mutual relationship. This conjunction/mutual relationship will be best in Aries, Leo, Sagittarius and Pisces as these are friendly sign for both of them.

Moon-Rahu
Mo is dispositor of Ra and Mo is aspecting Ra. The aspect strength from Mo to Ra is 66.1%.

Moon is a natural benefic whereas Rahu on the other hand is considered one of the malefics. Rahu is a shadow planet and behaves like Saturn. Rahu in Moon is an extremely important conjunction/mutual relationship and in its positive aspect will channel the lunar energy within you by strengthening your mind. You will gain some psychic abilities from this conjunction/mutual relationship. In its negative aspect you will harbour the dark lunar energy within you which will generate sense of fears, phobias, illusions, hallucinations, paranoia, psychological disturbances etc. You will become impatient and will feel helpless in handling your own emotions. There is a chance that you might get into depression and this generally lasts for a long time. This conjunction/mutual relationship is rarely considered favourable in the chart and will have direct impact on the mind especially in the dashas of the respective planets. Rahu is obsession and if with moon, then it will make you emotionally obsessed about things to an extent where you would not even take anybody's guidance and will do anything to get what you want. With this placement chances are that you have a unique relationship with your mother or if you are a girl then you yourself can have an unusual motherhood like you may adopt you child or may have it through surrogacy. It is not a good conjunction to have but it is seen that here meditation will help you overcome most of its negative effects.

Moon-Ketu
Mo and Ke are in same house. There conjunct strength is 33.1%.

Moon is considered to be the goddess of the solar system that symbolizes mother. With Ketu in conjunction/mutual relationship with Moon you will possess an unusual mind. Your thinking will be unique and out of the box. You will love perfection in your work and will do whatever it takes to bring excellence in whatever you do. You will have a very strong psychic connection with your mother. She will be the apple of your eye. You will love to not get involved in the materialistic matters of the world. You will possess a sixth sense ability. When in negative aspect this combination will fill you with fears, mental imbalance etc. You will fall prey to many phobias. You will develop paranoia and will always think that you are being stalked by someone. It can be a curse, spirit or a person. You will face extreme difficulty and trauma and will not be able to get over the death of your dear and near ones and may find yourself haunted. Majority of these uneasiness will come to you during your childhood period. You may develop interest in black magic. You may even become cold blooded and will not think twice before hurting someone badly. Ketu is separation and moon is mother so this can show that you could be separated from mother either physically or opinion wise. This also shows that your mother may not be good health-wise.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H2
House Lordship (from Asc) H8
Aspected By
Conjuncts With Ma,Ke
Aspects (Planet) Ra
Aspects (House) H8
Bhav Chalit Location H2

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H1
House Lordship (from Asc) H7
Aspected By
Conjuncts With Ma,Ke
Aspects (Planet) Ra
Aspects (House) H7
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga 15.6 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga 15.2 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga 12.3 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga 12.4 nan Benefic Varga: d3 (1)
In Scope:d1,d2,d3,d4,d7,d9,d10,d12,d16,d20,d24,d27,d30,d40,d45,d60

Mars Report

Associated with energy, drive, courage, and determination. It also signifies siblings, land, and property.

Ma is placed in the Capricorn sign at 2º37'13.98" with Exalted dignity. Ma occupies H2 in Rashi Chart but in Bhava-Chalit charts it is changing its place to H1. Ma may give a mixed result of H2 and H1. Ma is aspecting H5,H8,H9.Ma aspects Ra,Su, Ma is in conjunct with Mo,Ke.

Mars represents our will power, courage, fighting ability, aggression, anger, soldier, male friends, fighter, land(real estate) etc. Mars is a fiery planet and loves action in life and according to the placement in the horoscope can tell about the ability of the person to take actions. Also the position of Mars can show the way a person would fight in life, that is , either legally or illegally. Since Mars is an aggressive planet, it is considered a natural malefic, but defines the will power of a person.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 272º37'13.98"
Rashi (Dignity) Capricorn (EX)
Rashi Degree 2º37'13.98"
Rashi Lord Saturn
Nakshatra Uttara Shadha - 2
Nakshatra Lord Sun
Navamsha (Dignity) Capricorn ()
Navamsha Lord Saturn
Navamsha Lord Mritavastha
Natural/Lordship Nature Malefic/Benefic

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala 267.2
Dig Bala 25.6
Kala Bala 202.4
Chesta Bala 41.4
Naisargik Bala 42.9
Drik Bala (+/-) 19.0 / -6.4
Total Shadbala(Rupa) 592.0 (9.9)
Required Shadbala(Rupa) 5.0
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala 46.2 / 12.5
Strength(Relative Rank) 2.0 (1)

Mars in H2

This placement gives a harsh, crude, bold speech and a quarrelsome voice. It can give you dental problems. Your relations with the family may be argumentative. You are motivated and can work hard to earn money. You are talented in logical sciences such as mathematics and astrology. You eat quickly and may like hot foods, along with smoking.

Mars in H1

This placement adds muscular, manly type features in the appearance. It makes you energetic, brash, bold, impulsive, hot-tempered, passionate, argumentative, logical, practical, courageous and athletic. It tends to make you accident-prone or suffer injuries in childhood. If Mars occupies a bad sign, you may have difficulty controlling your temper and maybe violent and too aggressive. Mars in Scorpio can particularly create problems. Mars is a natural malefic, so generally, childhood is difficult. Mars in career can make you highly irritable and lacking in confidence or initiative.

Mars in Capricorn

Capricorn is the exaltation sign of the Mars and Mars is the best here. You are determined person and are capable of having great practical achievements. Capricorn is ruled by the planet Saturn which shares inimical relationship with Mars. Nothing comes easy for you. You have to work hard in order to achieve something and Mars provides you with that energy. You can also come out to be a workaholic person . This can be a harsh, cruel placement because Mars can be rutheless and one pointed. It can also cause problems in your relations with your loved ones.

Related Planets (with Mars)

Sun-Mars
Ma is dispositor of Su and Ma is aspecting Su. The aspect strength from Ma to Su is 82.6%.

Sun and Mars share a friendly relationship with each other and both are of fire element. If you have a conjunction/mutual relationship of both in your horoscope then you can expect really good results as Mars is strong enough to deal with the fire of Sun and as we have previously established that both are best of friends. This conjunction/mutual relationships generally indicates that your father could be in the Armed forces or Police or any other service and this is true in most of the cases. Your father will be much like a warrior and one who is high on courage and will power. Also, even you will have great will power. Sun shows Government and Mars shows soldier and both these group of people need each other to function better in the society and that's why both these planets can mutually co-operate well. But as always if a planet comes too close to the Sun, it becomes combust and so if Mars comes too close degree wise, then Sun burns the good qualities of Mars. This means that during the initial years of your life you can be a timid person but as the time passes and Mars matures, after 28, you will gain courage and become a warrior like person. You can work for the Government and that too on high positions or whichever field of work that needs a lot of fighting. This conjunction/mutual relationship makes you a highly competitive person in the area of life that falls under the house where this conjunction/mutual relationship takes place in your chart. So, this placement is not considered beneficial in the 7th house which shows relationships and marriage where you have to accommodate with others rather than compete. But you are definitely a law abiding person with very high confidence and ego.

Moon-Mars
Mo and Ma are in same house. There conjunct strength is 0.0%.

This is a good conjunction/mutual relationship to have in the chart as both these planets are natural friends and give good results. This conjunction/mutual relationship is also called Chandra-Mangal yoga. But a lot depends on the dignity of planets especially Mars or else this can get quiet worrisome at times for you. Moon is a gentle planet and Mars natural malefic, so clearly Mars here has the upper hand and so it is really important to check it's dignity. Moon is your mind and Mars is action, energy and if Mars is badly placed then you can have anger issues and can take actions without prior consideration in heated moment. Mars will no doubt make you an active and energetic person, but if wrongly guided can get you in violent situations. This can also show that you have a very active or aggressive mother. But on the contrary, if Mars is in good dignity, then this can make you highly goal oriented person and you will achieve success in life based on your hard work. The degree wise closeness can also cause frustrations but if you do meditation, then this can really help you divert your anger into something positive. If you are a girl then you can be tomboyish due to this conjunction/mutual relationship. This conjunction/mutual relationship will be best in Aries, Leo, Sagittarius and Pisces as these are friendly sign for both of them.

Mars-Ketu
Ma and Ke are in same house. There conjunct strength is 28.5%.

Mars is a fiery planet and it is said that Ketu, another energy abundant planet, naturally behaves like Mars. It is generally a stressful combination to have as Ketu is headless and Mars is pure action, so you will have to face consequences for your aimless, thoughtless actions. Still on the positive side this combination will make you a person of strong intellect and logics. You will possess a keen observational skills with piercing insight. Your concentration power will be strong. This combination is one of the most fiery ones and you will be highly passionate and dedicated towards your work. You will do great in research work. But your nature will be extremely sudden and eruptive like a volcano. You will be short tempered as well. Your energy levels will keep on fluctuating. You will sometimes be highly energetic like a rocket and the other time lazy like a sloth. Shifting the pointer more on the negative aspect, you will be extremely intolerant and impatient. You will be rude and harsh to your surrounding people. You will be full of vengeance and will not rest until you have taken your revenge. You may face different sorts of abnormalities both physically and mentally. You may lose your self-confidence as well. This combination will generally give bad results when Mars is in bad dignity and so it is imperative to check the dignity of Mars here.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H2
House Lordship (from Asc) H5,H12
Aspected By
Conjuncts With Mo,Ke
Aspects (Planet) Ra,Su
Aspects (House) H5,H8,H9
Bhav Chalit Location H1

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H1
House Lordship (from Asc) H4,H11
Aspected By
Conjuncts With Mo,Ke
Aspects (Planet) Ra,Su
Aspects (House) H4,H7,H8
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga 15.9 Vayanjana Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga 14.1 Vayanjana Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga 13.3 Uttam Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga 14.2 Kanduk Benefic Varga: d1,d2,d4,d9,d40 (5)
In Scope:d1,d2,d3,d4,d7,d9,d10,d12,d16,d20,d24,d27,d30,d40,d45,d60

Mercury Report

Represents communication, intellect, learning, and commerce. It is linked to education, speech, and analytical abilities.

Me is placed in the Pisces sign at 28º20'53.1" with Enemy dignity. Me occupies H4 in Rashi Chart. Me is aspecting H10.

Mercury represents our communication and marketing skills, logical thinking, memory, quick decision making etc. It also represents calculation so if you are really good with calculating numbers without the use of computers, then you can say that Mercury is well placed and is favourable. In Astrology it is considered as prince among the planets and so it generally represents young age. Mercury is a neutral planet and it behaves like the planet it sits with. Its maturity age is considered as 35 years.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 358º20'53.1"
Rashi (Dignity) Pisces (E)
Rashi Degree 28º20'53.1"
Rashi Lord Jupiter
Nakshatra Revati - 4
Nakshatra Lord Mercury
Navamsha (Dignity) Pisces ()
Navamsha Lord Jupiter
Navamsha Lord Balyavstha
Natural/Lordship Nature Benefic/Malefic

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala 113.2
Dig Bala 27.0
Kala Bala 107.9
Chesta Bala 40.5
Naisargik Bala 34.3
Drik Bala (+/-) 6.4 / -19.7
Total Shadbala(Rupa) 309.6 (5.2)
Required Shadbala(Rupa) 7.0
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala 13.4 / 32.9
Strength(Relative Rank) 0.7 (7)

Mercury in H4

You have a light-hearted or detected emotional nature and a communicative relationship with the mother. The mother may be knowledgeable. You may own or live in various homes and possess all types of vehicles and enjoy all possessions. You are highly adaptable and restless and may prefer to move from place to place. You may enjoy collecting things such as books etc., and discerning with occult matters.

Mercury in Pisces

Mercury is not considered good in the sign of Pisces as it gives you a lot of confusion. Pisces is a sign of limitlessness and consequently Mercury here has least capacity to organise thoughts. You will face difficulty is understanding intellectual concepts and not only that, this placement can make you absentminded or easily confused. Eventhough your mind is receptive and highly intuitive you may not be able to speak in a realistic or clear way as Pisces is also a sign of deception. Having Nervous problems with this placement is also a possibility.

Related Planets (with Mercury)

Mercury-Jupiter
Me is secretely aspecting Ju and Ju is dispositor of Me. The aspect strength from Me to Ju is 78.3%.

With this conjunction/mutual relationship one thing is true that your are a very learned person with a strong knowledge base. Both these planets represent teaching and even if you are not a teacher, you will work like one. You will be a student of learning for all your life and will keep on gathering information. Jupiter gives spirituality and Mercury is your communication, so this can show that you converse in a spiritualistic way and like to share your wisdom with others. Because of your strong knowledge base you will be an excellent counsellor for any matter of life. Mercury also represents travels and this can show that you like to gather information by travelling to various places especially of historical or informational significance. Generally with this combination you will acquire knowledge with respect to the house this conjunction/mutual relationship takes place in, for example, when placed in the 8th house, you will show interest in the occult sciences and most of your information will be based on the same. However, both these planets are inimical to each other which will fill you with frustration as you may feel that you didn't get the reward you deserved. Overall it's a good conjunction/mutual relationship to have.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H4
House Lordship (from Asc) H7,H10
Aspected By
Conjuncts With
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House) H10
Bhav Chalit Location H4

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H3
House Lordship (from Asc) H6,H9
Aspected By
Conjuncts With
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House) H9
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga 9.8 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga 9.6 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga 7.9 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga 9.3 Bhedka Benefic Varga: d24,d45 (2)
In Scope:d1,d2,d3,d4,d7,d9,d10,d12,d16,d20,d24,d27,d30,d40,d45,d60

Jupiter Report

Represents wisdom, knowledge, expansion, and good fortune. It is connected to spirituality, education, and benevolence.

Ju is placed in the Libra sign at 24º20'54.49" with Great Enemy dignity. Ju occupies H11 in Rashi Chart. Ju is aspecting H3,H5,H7.Ju is aspected by Su and Ju aspects Su.

Jupiter is the most benefic planet in Astrology and there is no such thing as enough when said about Jupiter. Jupiter represents wisdom, knowledge, teacher, law, religion, literature, philosophy, optimism, hope and is the main significator of wealth. It also signifies children and husband for a girl. It makes you very religious and spiritual but with all these qualities it gives Obesity as well, as it is the planet of expansion. Jupiter is considered as teacher of all Gods and its maturity age is 16 years.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 204º20'54.49"
Rashi (Dignity) Libra (GE)
Rashi Degree 24º20'54.49"
Rashi Lord Venus
Nakshatra Vishakha - 2
Nakshatra Lord Jupiter
Navamsha (Dignity) Libra ()
Navamsha Lord Venus
Navamsha Lord Mritavastha
Natural/Lordship Nature Benefic/Neutral

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala 154.8
Dig Bala 41.7
Kala Bala 146.6
Chesta Bala 58.4
Naisargik Bala 25.7
Drik Bala (+/-) 16.7 / -15.9
Total Shadbala(Rupa) 427.9 (7.1)
Required Shadbala(Rupa) 6.5
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala 37.1 / 7.6
Strength(Relative Rank) 1.1 (6)

Jupiter in H11

Jupiter gives you gains in life along with spiritual or high minded goals. You are lucky in achieving your dreams and desires. You will grow in wealth and moral character. You also enjoy mixing in spiritual or religious groups. You are interested in spreading higher knowledge. You have generous friends and have access to all kinds of enjoyment.

Jupiter in Libra

Venus rules libra and is inimical to Jupiter so this placement is not much favorable. Since Jupiter is a natural benefic, this placement does give you some good results. You are definitely a sociable and friendly person and your generosity is admired by all. Still, Jupiter being in an enemy sign, you will not always be sincere.

Related Planets (with Jupiter)

Sun-Jupiter
Su and Ju are aspecting each other. The aspect strength from Su to Ju is 99.3%, and from Ju to Su is 97.3%.

Sun and Jupiter are both strong and fiery planets. This conjunction/mutual relationship is considered highly favourable as both the planets are natural best friends. Here the qualities of Jupiter are being enhanced and illuminated by the light of the Sun and the person becomes highly knowledgeable. This combination is all about gaining knowledge & wisdom and sharing it with others. If you have this combination in your chart then prima-facie you will be a learned person and are highly intelligent. You will gain wisdom in your life and will use it for the well being of others. As Sun represents father, this can show that your father's career can be related to guidance and teaching/counselling. Sun also represents a King and Jupiter a Counsellor and this conjunction/mutual relationship can show that either your father or you can work as a minister or any other high official in the Government. Now-a-days it can be a Government advocate. We saw how Sun illuminates the qualities of Jupiter, but the opposite is also true. Jupiter, which is the planet of expansion, expands your career, authority and ego. You will also benefit from your father. You can work in Medical related field as Jupiter represents Biology. But these results can get delayed if your Jupiter comes too close to the Sun in your chart i.e. Combust. With all these favourable aspects of this conjunction/mutual relationship, however, comes a negative trait. Your ego can be a problem for you and so here, to reap the best results of this conjunction/mutual relationship the only key is to keep your ego in check. Overall, this is a really good combination to have.

Mercury-Jupiter
Me is secretely aspecting Ju and Ju is dispositor of Me. The aspect strength from Me to Ju is 78.3%.

With this conjunction/mutual relationship one thing is true that your are a very learned person with a strong knowledge base. Both these planets represent teaching and even if you are not a teacher, you will work like one. You will be a student of learning for all your life and will keep on gathering information. Jupiter gives spirituality and Mercury is your communication, so this can show that you converse in a spiritualistic way and like to share your wisdom with others. Because of your strong knowledge base you will be an excellent counsellor for any matter of life. Mercury also represents travels and this can show that you like to gather information by travelling to various places especially of historical or informational significance. Generally with this combination you will acquire knowledge with respect to the house this conjunction/mutual relationship takes place in, for example, when placed in the 8th house, you will show interest in the occult sciences and most of your information will be based on the same. However, both these planets are inimical to each other which will fill you with frustration as you may feel that you didn't get the reward you deserved. Overall it's a good conjunction/mutual relationship to have.

Jupiter-Venus
Ju is secretely aspecting Ve and Ve is dispositor of Ju. The aspect strength from Ju to Ve is 76.7%.

Jupiter and Venus are the two most beneficial planets in Astrology and their conjunction/mutual relationship is one of the most auspicious conjunction/mutual relationship to have in your chart. Both these planets are considered gurus of deities(Jupiter) and demons(Venus) so having this combination is very beneficial in your chart. When they both come together then it can be said that the person will be very wealthy but not specifically in terms of money, but the house in which this conjunction/mutual relationship falls. for example in the eight house you will attain great knowledge of Occult/Mysticism while, say in the 2nd house, this gives you immense wealth and the knowledge regarding matters related to money. You will be high on knowledge and you believe in sharing your wisdom which sometimes becomes necessary for your growth as well. You need knowledge and it is the one that keeps you satisfied in life. You would take interest in sharing what you have learnt with others. Jupiter's nature is to expand the qualities and when with Venus, it expands luxury, beauty, wealth, knowledge etc. so it can be said that you will be very attractive and you have that aura around you that makes you give the vibes of a guru. You will also be very creative in nature. Now since Jupiter is expanding the qualities of Venus here, it also expands your desire for relations due to which you may have to face problems in the same. But overall this is a great combination to have in your chart.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H11
House Lordship (from Asc) H1,H4
Aspected By Su
Conjuncts With
Aspects (Planet) Su
Aspects (House) H3,H5,H7
Bhav Chalit Location H11

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H10
House Lordship (from Asc) H3,H12
Aspected By Su
Conjuncts With
Aspects (Planet) Su
Aspects (House) H2,H4,H6
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga 10.3 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga 11.3 Kumshuka Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga 10.6 Parijat Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga 11.6 Nag pushpa Benefic Varga: d3,d7,d24,d40 (4)
In Scope:d1,d2,d3,d4,d7,d9,d10,d12,d16,d20,d24,d27,d30,d40,d45,d60

Venus Report

Associated with love, beauty, harmony, and luxury. It signifies relationships, marriage, and artistic pursuits.

Ve is placed in the Taurus sign at 22º21'51.54" with Own House dignity. Ve occupies H6 in Rashi Chart. Ve is aspecting H12.

Venus by nature is a natural benefic planet which represents convenience. Vehicles, liquid money or anything that helps make our life comfortable comes under Venus. Venus is the main signifactor of marriage and represents wife or girlfriend for a man. Not only that, all the relations are dependent on Venus in the chart as it is its natural signifactor. Beauty and love is also Venus. Your desires are represented by Venus which are the cause of all problems in life. Its Maturity age is around 25 years.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 52º21'51.54"
Rashi (Dignity) Taurus (OH)
Rashi Degree 22º21'51.54"
Rashi Lord Venus
Nakshatra Rohini - 4
Nakshatra Lord Moon
Navamsha (Dignity) Taurus ()
Navamsha Lord Moon
Navamsha Lord Kumaravstha
Natural/Lordship Nature Benefic/Malefic

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala 200.9
Dig Bala 39.0
Kala Bala 183.4
Chesta Bala 20.9
Naisargik Bala 17.1
Drik Bala (+/-) 22.4 / -6.4
Total Shadbala(Rupa) 477.4 (8.0)
Required Shadbala(Rupa) 5.5
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala 29.5 / 26.9
Strength(Relative Rank) 1.4 (3)

Venus in H6

Venus in the 6th house can give health difficulties involving the bladder, reproductive system, or sexually related problems. If Venus is afflicted, you may find it difficult to get along with women. It usually shows daily work involving arts, beauty, or females. Venus here can give good attention to detail and aesthetic discernment. Venus shows you have cordial relations with daily workers and can behave sweetly with enemies. Venus shows luxurious tendencies, so this placement may not encourage you to adopt too much strict discipline, however you may be interested in pampering the body with scents, oils and enjoy other beauty regimens.

Venus in Taurus

Venus rules the sign of Taurus and performs well here. It's lower sensual nature is better expressed here. Venus is the planet of beauty and here it feels comfortable and free to express itself. This Venus blesses you with physical beauty and sexiness. It adds sweetness to your character. You will be loyal and steadfast in love but this placement can also make you an extravagant person who loves luxury and is indulgent. Though you will be creative.

Related Planets (with Venus)

Jupiter-Venus
Ju is secretely aspecting Ve and Ve is dispositor of Ju. The aspect strength from Ju to Ve is 76.7%.

Jupiter and Venus are the two most beneficial planets in Astrology and their conjunction/mutual relationship is one of the most auspicious conjunction/mutual relationship to have in your chart. Both these planets are considered gurus of deities(Jupiter) and demons(Venus) so having this combination is very beneficial in your chart. When they both come together then it can be said that the person will be very wealthy but not specifically in terms of money, but the house in which this conjunction/mutual relationship falls. for example in the eight house you will attain great knowledge of Occult/Mysticism while, say in the 2nd house, this gives you immense wealth and the knowledge regarding matters related to money. You will be high on knowledge and you believe in sharing your wisdom which sometimes becomes necessary for your growth as well. You need knowledge and it is the one that keeps you satisfied in life. You would take interest in sharing what you have learnt with others. Jupiter's nature is to expand the qualities and when with Venus, it expands luxury, beauty, wealth, knowledge etc. so it can be said that you will be very attractive and you have that aura around you that makes you give the vibes of a guru. You will also be very creative in nature. Now since Jupiter is expanding the qualities of Venus here, it also expands your desire for relations due to which you may have to face problems in the same. But overall this is a great combination to have in your chart.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H6
House Lordship (from Asc) H6,H11
Aspected By
Conjuncts With
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House) H12
Bhav Chalit Location H6

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H5
House Lordship (from Asc) H5,H10
Aspected By
Conjuncts With
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House) H11
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga 12.4 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga 13.2 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga 11.5 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga 12.1 Nag pushpa Benefic Varga: d1,d27,d40,d45 (4)
In Scope:d1,d2,d3,d4,d7,d9,d10,d12,d16,d20,d24,d27,d30,d40,d45,d60

Saturn Report

Represents discipline, responsibility, hard work, and structure. It is associated with obstacles, delays, and longevity.

Sa is placed in the Sagittarius sign at 14º43'8.87" with Friend dignity. Sa occupies H1 in Rashi Chart. Sa is aspecting H3,H7,H10.Sa is in conjunct with Asc.

Saturn is limitations and constrictions. Saturn is the planet that gives structure to life. It is discipline, rules, law, justice, and gives delays in life. Saturn is also the karaka of detachment. Saturn is perceived as that strict teacher who would teach you things and then later would take a test as well. Saturn shows you the reality and makes you work hard for the matters related to the houses connected with Saturn in the chart. Saturn is the lord of karma and reminds us of taking care of our actions.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 254º43'8.87"
Rashi (Dignity) Sagittarius (F)
Rashi Degree 14º43'8.87"
Rashi Lord Jupiter
Nakshatra Purva Ashadha - 1
Nakshatra Lord Venus
Navamsha (Dignity) Sagittarius ()
Navamsha Lord Sun
Navamsha Lord Yuvaavstha
Natural/Lordship Nature Malefic/Malefic

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala 214.3
Dig Bala 1.5
Kala Bala 145.1
Chesta Bala 44.2
Naisargik Bala 8.6
Drik Bala (+/-) 20.2 / -8.6
Total Shadbala(Rupa) 425.3 (7.1)
Required Shadbala(Rupa) 5.0
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala 43.0 / 17.0
Strength(Relative Rank) 1.4 (5)

Saturn in H1

This is generally not an easy placement, Saturn being a highly malefic Planet. It makes you very self-conscious. You may be slow, cautious, or dull in your expression and highly organized. You may have a mature or haggard appearance depending on the sign and aspects from other Planets. You are highly serious and need to watch a tendency to fall prey to melancholy or pessimism. You tend to underestimate yourself and are humble. You have difficulty in taking initiative. Childhood was a place where you faced many limitations. So your personality is not very warm. You may be highly reserved and exercise great control over all your movements and expression. If Saturn is exalted or occupying a good sign, in time you may develop very stable character and have a commanding and authoritative personality.

Saturn in Sagittarius

Saturn is neutral in Sagittarius, which is ruled by Jupiter. Among all the fire signs, Saturn functions best in the sign of Sagittarius. If you have this placement then Saturn will make you serious about philosophy. You will not be as adventurous and would like to invest your energy at a single place. Saturn here puts limitations on sagittarian energies which will become the cause of your loss. Due to this placement you will face loss through speculation or gambling and also due to over expansion. But since Sagittarius is ruled by the Jupiter which represents optimism, the pessimistic Saturn energies are taken care of which gives you a realistic and balanced outlook.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H1
House Lordship (from Asc) H2,H3
Aspected By
Conjuncts With Asc
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House) H3,H7,H10
Bhav Chalit Location H1

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H12
House Lordship (from Asc) H1,H2
Aspected By
Conjuncts With Asc
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House) H2,H6,H9
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga 13.0 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga 11.9 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga 12.9 nan Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga 13.1 nan Benefic Varga: d45 (1)
In Scope:d1,d2,d3,d4,d7,d9,d10,d12,d16,d20,d24,d27,d30,d40,d45,d60

Rahu Report

Associated with desire, ambition, and material cravings. It can bring both positive and negative effects as per placement.

Ra is placed in the Cancer sign at 15º32'31.67". Ra occupies H8 in Rashi Chart. Ra is aspected by Mo,Ma.

Rahu is illusion and an imaginary planet and is generally knows as the North node of Moon. According to Vedic astrology, Rahu is malefic as it is a materialistic planet and hinders the path to moksha. Rahu represents obsession, fame, wealth, success, foreign lands, Medicines, Drugs, movies, social media or any kind of intoxication. Cheating is also associated with Rahu. Rahu is uniqueness in life and can show someone who breaks the old traditions of the society and has an out of the box thinking.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 105º32'31.67"
Rashi (Dignity) Cancer (None)
Rashi Degree 15º32'31.67"
Rashi Lord Moon
Nakshatra Pushya - 4
Nakshatra Lord Saturn
Navamsha (Dignity) Cancer ()
Navamsha Lord Mars
Navamsha Lord Yuvaavstha
Natural/Lordship Nature Malefic/Malefic

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala
Dig Bala
Kala Bala
Chesta Bala
Naisargik Bala
Drik Bala (+/-) /
Total Shadbala(Rupa) ()
Required Shadbala(Rupa)
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala /
Strength(Relative Rank) ()

Rahu in H8

Rahu in the 8th house will bless you with legacies and fortunes. Scientists, Adventurers, Bankers, Occultists etc are benefitted from this kind of placement. You might get involved in bad deeds if Rahu is working in the lower principle. People around will often misunderstand you due to your loose talk. Hence you need to pay special attention in controlling your speech if you want to be heard properly. Optimism will be the key to your success in life. The most recognised Genius of the 20th century Albert Einstein had this kind of placement.

Rahu in Cancer

Cancer is one of the most emotional and kind zodiac sign in the list. It is represented by the Crab and is ruled by the Moon. Rahu will provide you with complete different sense of present life. You will reflect the Cancerian traits from you.Your family and home will always be the apple of your eye. They would mean the world to you. You will possess the warmth and caring nature of the crab. You will be empathetic and extremely helpful to the needy one’s. Because of the strong bond and love you share with your family specially your mother you will be bit reluctant to come out of your Cancerian shell. To the people around you may appear very calm and composed many times on the outside but on the counterpart you may be highly disturbed and strung inside. The first half of your life can be quite tough with many ups and downs but comparatively the second half will be much better and relaxed. For you the inner peace will have more weightage as compared to the outside world. You will learn to respect your emotional life and your softer inner heart. In the latter part of your life you will be very caring and empathetic. You will gain success in your career front only if you reflect caring, nurturing and humanitarian attitude. Your transformation will not be easy and you may most probably have to give many sacrifices. Your life may be full of struggles from which sometimes you will come out as a strong person and sometimes you may drown in the psychological flood. You may be bit untrusting and suspicion. This placement is not so friendly but Rahu can shower very good results if everything else works well. M.K Gandhi, one of the most important personality in India’s struggle for independence had this kind of placement. He became the mass leader by utilizing his soft Cancerian image.

Related Planets (with Rahu)

Moon-Rahu
Mo is dispositor of Ra and Mo is aspecting Ra. The aspect strength from Mo to Ra is 66.1%.

Moon is a natural benefic whereas Rahu on the other hand is considered one of the malefics. Rahu is a shadow planet and behaves like Saturn. Rahu in Moon is an extremely important conjunction/mutual relationship and in its positive aspect will channel the lunar energy within you by strengthening your mind. You will gain some psychic abilities from this conjunction/mutual relationship. In its negative aspect you will harbour the dark lunar energy within you which will generate sense of fears, phobias, illusions, hallucinations, paranoia, psychological disturbances etc. You will become impatient and will feel helpless in handling your own emotions. There is a chance that you might get into depression and this generally lasts for a long time. This conjunction/mutual relationship is rarely considered favourable in the chart and will have direct impact on the mind especially in the dashas of the respective planets. Rahu is obsession and if with moon, then it will make you emotionally obsessed about things to an extent where you would not even take anybody's guidance and will do anything to get what you want. With this placement chances are that you have a unique relationship with your mother or if you are a girl then you yourself can have an unusual motherhood like you may adopt you child or may have it through surrogacy. It is not a good conjunction to have but it is seen that here meditation will help you overcome most of its negative effects.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H8
House Lordship (from Asc)
Aspected By Mo,Ma
Conjuncts With
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House)
Bhav Chalit Location H8

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H7
House Lordship (from Asc)
Aspected By Mo,Ma
Conjuncts With
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House)
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:

Ketu Report

Linked to spirituality, detachment, and past-life karma. Its influence can be transformative.

Ke is placed in the Capricorn sign at 15º32'31.67". Ke occupies H2 in Rashi Chart. Ke is in conjunct with Mo,Ma.

Ketu is our accomplished past life deeds and so in this life we feel detached with the things related to the house in which ketu sits. Ketu is isolation and separation. It represents spirituality and moksha. In fact it is Ketu that shows whether a person will attain moksha in this lifetime or not. Consequently Ketu represents mysticism, occult, astrology, numerology or any other spiritual subject but much will be dependent on the position of Ketu in horoscope. since it's a demon, It is a malefic planet.

Planet Placement

Longitude (Sidereal) 285º32'31.67"
Rashi (Dignity) Capricorn (None)
Rashi Degree 15º32'31.67"
Rashi Lord Saturn
Nakshatra Shravana - 2
Nakshatra Lord Moon
Navamsha (Dignity) Capricorn ()
Navamsha Lord Venus
Navamsha Lord Yuvaavstha
Natural/Lordship Nature Malefic/Malefic

Shadbala Strength

Sthana Bala
Dig Bala
Kala Bala
Chesta Bala
Naisargik Bala
Drik Bala (+/-) /
Total Shadbala(Rupa) ()
Required Shadbala(Rupa)
Ishta Bala/Kashta Bala /
Strength(Relative Rank) ()

Ketu in H2

With this placement there are high chances of you getting a long life. You will spend more towards the bigger and unnecessary things even gambling making you financially weak due to the Ketu in the 2nd house. This placement might bring downfall in your luck but at the same time will increase your desires. You will love to get away on long journeys and will have your own philosophy of life. Your tone of speaking might be bit sarcastic that can make you a bitter person.

Ketu in Capricorn

Capricorn is the last earth sign of the zodiac which is highly disciplined. It is ruled by the planet Saturn and is represented by the sea goat which is a mystical creature with the body of a goat and tail of a fish.This placement represents that you have spent your past life in solving world affairs.You will believe in karma and preservance. You will have practical realization towards your life. You will possess strong relationship with your family specially your mother. You wil be highly practical and responsible from an early age itself. You will always proceed with your work in a calm and composed way instead of getting into hurry. You will be bit conservative in your own bubble and may find little difficulty in absorbing the new ideas. You will be secretive and will not share your emotions easily. If you possess an evolved and stable soul then this placement will help you to understand the secrets of nature. If this placement does not works effectively then you can get consumed in it. As this disposition is not so friendly one hence it will be better that you should not expect too mych of the prosperity. M.K Gandhi, one of the most important personality in India’s struggle for independence had this kind of placement. He gained the worldly status because of this placement.

Related Planets (with Ketu)

Moon-Ketu
Mo and Ke are in same house. There conjunct strength is 33.1%.

Moon is considered to be the goddess of the solar system that symbolizes mother. With Ketu in conjunction/mutual relationship with Moon you will possess an unusual mind. Your thinking will be unique and out of the box. You will love perfection in your work and will do whatever it takes to bring excellence in whatever you do. You will have a very strong psychic connection with your mother. She will be the apple of your eye. You will love to not get involved in the materialistic matters of the world. You will possess a sixth sense ability. When in negative aspect this combination will fill you with fears, mental imbalance etc. You will fall prey to many phobias. You will develop paranoia and will always think that you are being stalked by someone. It can be a curse, spirit or a person. You will face extreme difficulty and trauma and will not be able to get over the death of your dear and near ones and may find yourself haunted. Majority of these uneasiness will come to you during your childhood period. You may develop interest in black magic. You may even become cold blooded and will not think twice before hurting someone badly. Ketu is separation and moon is mother so this can show that you could be separated from mother either physically or opinion wise. This also shows that your mother may not be good health-wise.

Mars-Ketu
Ma and Ke are in same house. There conjunct strength is 28.5%.

Mars is a fiery planet and it is said that Ketu, another energy abundant planet, naturally behaves like Mars. It is generally a stressful combination to have as Ketu is headless and Mars is pure action, so you will have to face consequences for your aimless, thoughtless actions. Still on the positive side this combination will make you a person of strong intellect and logics. You will possess a keen observational skills with piercing insight. Your concentration power will be strong. This combination is one of the most fiery ones and you will be highly passionate and dedicated towards your work. You will do great in research work. But your nature will be extremely sudden and eruptive like a volcano. You will be short tempered as well. Your energy levels will keep on fluctuating. You will sometimes be highly energetic like a rocket and the other time lazy like a sloth. Shifting the pointer more on the negative aspect, you will be extremely intolerant and impatient. You will be rude and harsh to your surrounding people. You will be full of vengeance and will not rest until you have taken your revenge. You may face different sorts of abnormalities both physically and mentally. You may lose your self-confidence as well. This combination will generally give bad results when Mars is in bad dignity and so it is imperative to check the dignity of Mars here.

Observation (from Ascendant)

House Location H2
House Lordship (from Asc)
Aspected By
Conjuncts With Mo,Ma
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House)
Bhav Chalit Location H2

Observation (from Moon)

House Location H1
House Lordship (from Asc)
Aspected By
Conjuncts With Mo,Ma
Aspects (Planet)
Aspects (House)
Bhav Chalit Location None

Vimshopak Bala

Category Strength Status Beneifc Varga(In Scope)
Shadvarga Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Saptvarga Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Dashvarga Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope:
Shodashvarga Benefic Varga: ()
In Scope: