Grete Sultan

German-American versatile pianist, who performed the music of contemporary composers John Cage, Alan Hovhaness and Tui St. George Tucker, along with classical music from Beethoven, Chopin, Schubert and Stravinsky. Born into a musical Jewish family, she studied piano from an early age with American pianist Richard Buhlig, and later with Leonid Kreutzer and Edwin Fischer. In 1933, after the Nazis came to power in Germany, she was, as all Jews were, banned from playing in public and could only appear in concerts of the Jüdischer Kulturbund (Jewish Culture Association). With Buhlig's help, Sultan fled Germany in 1941 via Lisbon, from where she emigrated to the United States by ship. She settled in New York City and took up piano teaching. In the mid-1940s she met the composer John Cage and became good friends with him, and it was through Sultan that Cage met one of her students, Christian Wolff, who gave Cage his first copy of the I Ching — a book that shaped Cage's composition methods during the subsequent decades. Cage dedicated two pieces to Sultan. The first was part of his Music for Piano series, Music for Piano 53–68. In 1974, when Sultan was in the process of learning Cage's Music of Changes, the composer offered to write some new music for her, and the result was a monumental piano cycle, Etudes Australes. Sultan made the premiere recording of the work and played it in concerts worldwide. Grete Sultan gave her last recital in 1996, aged 90, at New York's Merkin Concert Hall, performing Bach's Goldberg Variations. She died in a Manhattan hospital on 26 June 2005, five days after her 99th birthday. In spring 2012, Schott Music, Germany, published the first biography on Grete Sultan, Rebellische Pianistin. Das Leben der Grete Sultan zwischen Berlin und New York, written by Hamburg-based author Moritz von Bredow. Link to Wikipedia biography